ANA CRIADO INCHAUSPÉ, Analista y gestora de conflictos.
A FAVOR DE SEPARACIONES PACÍFICAS
Presidenta y fundadora de la Asociación Madrileña de Mediadores. Formadora de mediadores familiares en Mediación Familiar Internacional. Abogada de familia SOLO en casos de mutuo acuerdo.
Entrevistamos a Ana en relación a su experiencia como mediadora.
Nos recibe por Skype, desde su despacho, recién terminada una sesión de mediación. Ana Criado es una mujer de movimientos rápidos, hablar fluido y sonrisa iluminadora.
E: Según decimos los psicólogos, la inteligencia y el pensamiento maduros se expresan por la capacidad de adaptación a los cambios. ¿Cuáles son los mayores cambios a los que Ana se ha enfrentado y cómo ha madurado tu persona con ellos?
A: Personalmente, fue un gran cambio ser madre. Tengo dos hijos de 16 y 14 años. Aprendo de ellos cada día, revivo cosas del pasado, y me encanta.
Descubrir la mediación me hizo ser otra persona, más reflexiva, porque soy bastante impulsiva y visceral. Aprendes a separar las personas del problema, entiendes que lo que se siente es pura emoción y no el problema realmente. Con cada caso, cada día, aprendes mucho. En el fondo, te nutres de sus experiencias y sabiduría y captas otras percepciones de ver el conflicto. Te das cuenta de lo pequeños que somos todos. Aprendes a valorar las cosas de cada día.
Otro cambio fue mi divorcio, hace cinco años. Cambia la perspectiva, a la hora de hacer las mediaciones. Por ejemplo, no entiendo que la gente se grite. Tenemos una custodia compartida y he recuperado tiempo y espacio para descubrirme a mí misma, para conocerme. Hago coaching, talleres de crecimiento personal, etc.
E: ¿Cómo conociste la mediación y qué te impulsó a dedicarte a ella?
A: Descubrí la mediación por casualidad. Trabajaba en una notaría y estaba de baja por maternidad de mi segundo hijo. Mi madre es del País Vasco francés. Íbamos en coche a Francia, imagínate el panorama (ríe abiertamente): Yo dando el pecho a un bebé, una niña de dos años y medio, mi padre con Alzheimer y mi madre. Todos en la carretera. En la estancia en Francia, una prima me dijo que estaba haciendo mediación y pensé “¡qué maravilla! Seguro que en España esto no existe”. Un día, en el Centro de Salud de Pozuelo de Alarcón vi folletos de un Centro de Mediación. Mi sorpresa fue mayúscula y busqué dónde poder aprenderlo. Finalmente, dejé la notaría para dedicarme a la mediación y creé la Asociación AMMI.
E: ¿Qué necesidades ves en la educación para que la mediación sea un lenguaje y una actitud normalizada? ¿Cómo está el panorama en Madrid a nivel de conocimiento por parte de la población?
A: En la Educación se debe hacer hincapié en la gestión de resolución de conflictos en general, educación emocional y todo tipo de alternativas de gestión pacífica. No limitarlo a la mediación, porque eso es muy restrictivo. La mediación sigue siendo una gran desconocida, también en Madrid. Yo me defino como analista de conflictos: veo los puntos débiles o flojos, para incidir en ellos. A veces, concilio, otras, negocio; unas veces soy más proactiva, otras, toca escuchar… Hablar de emociones en un despacho todavía está mal visto, desconcierta al profesional que mira el problema como algo exclusivamente legal. Pero sabemos que el problema no es la ordenanza ni la interpretación de lo que está escrito, sino que es todo emoción. Las mujeres se atreven más a expresar sentimientos, pero entre los hombres hay mucha reticencia.
E: Se ha hablado mucho de multidisciplinariedad en mediación, aunque parece más una afirmación sobre el papel que en la práctica. ¿Es posible la multidisciplinariedad? ¿Cómo lo organizáis en vuestra asociación?
A: Estoy a favor de la comediación, por el hecho de que cuatro ojos y cuatro oídos ven y escuchan más que dos. También medio sola, por diversas razones: Es difícil cuadrar agendas de cuatro personas. Es más rentable, económicamente, un solo mediador. A nivel internacional, también medio sola por la cuestión del idioma (Ana domina el español, francés e inglés). Aunque hay una escuela que establece que debe haber un mediador por cada país de los mediados. El problema entonces, si los dos mediadores no hablan los dos idiomas, es que se necesita traductor y todo se complica mucho más.
Personalmente, creo que no se es mejor mediador por ser abogado, psicólogo, trabajador social, notario o arquitecto. Creo que saber mediación te hace mejor abogado, psicólogo o arquitecto…
En la profesión de origen, cogemos vicios de perspectiva que pueden afectar a la mediación. Lo importante es saber ver a la persona, entender el concepto de emoción. Y la emoción no tiene profesión ¿Quién es el dueño de la emoción?
E: También parece que está de moda la anti-neutralidad. ¿Hay que eliminar el principio de neutralidad para poder ser mediadores “activos”, sinónimo de “más útiles”?
A: La neutralidad se refiere a que el mediador respete el acuerdo de las partes. Debe ser “su acuerdo”, no la opinión del mediador. Sin embargo, ¿cómo dejar de opinar? Eso es imposible. El mediador tendrá una opinión sobre los asuntos. El límite está en que esa opinión te influya a la hora de actuar en la mediación. Tal vez, no haya que eliminar la neutralidad, sino redefinirla, plantearla de otra manera. Hay que respetar los acuerdos de las partes teniendo en cuenta que no sea ilegal o de imposible cumplimiento. Pero aún siendo de imposible cumplimiento, por mucho que se le advierta o aconseje por los entendidos en el tema de que se trate, la gente hace lo que quiere, lo que le da la gana, al final. Da igual lo que le digan.
Me preocupa mucho más la imparcialidad, la toma de partido inconsciente por una de las partes, ya que, a veces, es inevitable tener más “feeling” con uno que con otro y tienes que frenarte. No creo en las Escuelas ni en los dogmas. La mediación es un mundo de grandes egos. La formación se ha encasillado mucho con todo esto y la mediación es innovar.
¡Muchas Gracias, Ana!
El jueves 22 de noviembre fue la GALA DE LOS PREMIOS de la Asociación Madrileña de Mediadores. FELICIDADES A TODOS LOS PREMIADOS Y A LA LABOR DE LA ASOCIACIÓN.
VÍDEO SOBRE SECUESTRO INTERNACIONAL. CASO OLIVIA ENCINAS.
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